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Urinary Catheters and the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections

01. August 2019

DEFINITION of urinary tract infection associated with medical care: Please see: Klavs I, Grgič-Vitek M, Škerl M, Grosek Š, Kompan L, Kramar Z, Bufon-Lužnik T. Epidemiološko spremljanje bolnišničnih okužb. V: Klavs I (ur.) Zdr var 2001, 40: (Suppl): 1-93. PROBLEM: A catheter is a foreign body that disrupts the protective function of the mucosal barrier. A urinary catheter chemically and mechanically irritates the mucosa causing inflammation and creates a favourable milieu for bacteria to grow and multiply inside the catheter and on its outer surface. The risk of infection increases with the duration of the catheterization. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors, consider catheter placement indications, and take measures to prevent hospital-acquired urinary tract infection. AIM: To reduce urinary tract infections associated with medical care. PATHOGENESIS, CAUSATIVE AGENTS AND AN ENTRY POINT FOR URINARY TRACT INFECTION associated with urinary catheters and the risk of infecti...

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can occur in symptomatic infections or asymptomatic bacteriuria. The uropoietic tract is usually sterile, with the exception of the lower third of the urethra in women. Pathogenic microorganisms usually pass from the urethra to the bladder and up. Infectious pathogens in the urinary tract are mainly coliform bacteria in women, while in men it is usually paraurethral bacterial flora due to obstructive disorders. Hematogenic infection is much less frequent and usually develops in patients with immune deficiency disorders.